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中新网9月13日电 针对华北地下水的超采问题，水利部部长李国英13日回应称，通过“节、控、换、补、管”五项措施，这几年华北地下水超采治理取得了明显成效。从地表的河流和湖泊来看，永定河恢复了过流、潮白河恢复了过流、滹沱河恢复了过流，白洋淀重现生机，断流干涸了将近一百年的京杭大运河黄河以北段今年也实现了全线过流贯通，实现了与永定河的百年交汇。中宣部13日举行“中国这十年”系列主题新闻发布会，介绍党的十八大以来水利发展成就。会上有记者提问：党的十八大以来，有关华北地下水超采的综合治理和河湖生态补水工作进展如何？李国英对此作出如上回复。李国英指出，由于历史原因，华北地区河湖生态环境遭到过严重损害，地下水严重超采，并造成了大面积地面沉降。水利部会同国务院有关部门、有关地方人民政府采取“节、控、换、补、管”等措施，大力实施华北地下水超采综合治理。一是“节”，即节约用水，强化需求端的节约用水。在华北地区采取三项措施，农业节水增效、工业节水减排、城镇节水降损。二是“控”，即严格控制地下水开采规模和开采强度，对于第一用水大户农业，采取休耕轮作、发展雨养农业这种方式。同时，严控高耗水产业发展。三是“换”，即对地下水进行置换，以地下水为水源的这些产业、部门，把他们的用水方式换成引用地表水，利用南水北调中线调水、南水北调东线调水、黄河水、本地的地表水，以及本地产生的非常规水资源，对各行业、各部门地下水源进行置换。

B |     On August 8, the FBI executed a search warrant at Trump’s Mar-a-Lago residence in Florida and examined the premises for nine hours during which they seized 11 sets of documents and other materials, some of which were labeled "Top Secret," according to the disclosed search warrant receipt.,Trump condemned the raid as a weaponization of the US justice system and claimed to have declassified all materials present at his residence.,"Unless Donald Trump is convicted of one or more felonies before November 2024, he is now, on paper, a much stronger contender than he was before the Mar-a-Lago raid," former hedge fund manager and political commentator Charles Ortel said.,AmericasTrump Says FBI Returned His Passports But Agents Took ‘Everything in Sight’ Like CriminalsYesterday, 23:09 GMT,The raid, Ortel added, and the fact US Attorney General Merrick Garland approved it personally, are shameful episodes in the assaults against the US Constitution.,"Whether you like Donald Trump or loathe him… you must understand that running the Federal Bureau of Investigation like a Stasi or Gestapo is so far beyond acceptable that it is worse than laughable," he said.,The raid will give Trump backers a rallying cry not unlike how Texans still chant "Remember the Alamo.","As Americans vote in the looming pivotal elections, many will pull levers at the polls thinking 'Remember Mar-a-Lago,'" Ortel said.,Unless worse disasters strike before the looming mid-term election, Ortel added, Trump voters and disaffected Biden voters are still likely to swarm the polls.,"After the looming anti-Democrat deluge, there will be an accounting against all who have trampled the Constitution. This project will continue through and after November 2024," he predicted.,Political analyst Sam Husseini, founder of VotePact.org, said the conventional wisdom is that this raid hurts Trump, but the conventional wisdom is frequently wrong.,"This keeps the focus on Trump. It adds yet another dimension to the myriad of ways liberals have obsessed over 'getting him' or seeming to at apparently any cost. But he feeds off the notoriety," Hussein told Sputnik.,University of Pittsburgh Professor of International Affairs Michael Brenner said it will boost Trump among Republicans if he seeks the nomination, but could hurt him in the general election.,"There's a feeling that he's beginning to be seen as shop-worn - and past his sell-by date," Brenner said.。四是“补”，华北地区地下水源的补充来源，主要是地表河流和湖泊。

C | 一段时期以来，华北地区的河道发生了断流，湖泊长期干涸了，意味着地下水的补充来源没有了。

D | 所以现在又在更大范围内考虑，向华北地区的河道和湖泊进行生态补水。这两年水利部加大力度，向永定河补水、向白洋淀补水、向京杭大运河黄河以北段补水。五是“管”，对地下水的开采实施严格管控。

E | 首先是对华北地区地下水超采区进行范围划定，划出禁采区、限采区，然后在这个区域内实施严格的管理。特别是对于深层地下水超采区，对开采的机电井实施关闭甚至封填。

F | 同时，建立地下水监测系统，严格地监督考核。李国英表示，通过实施“节、控、换、补、管”这五项措施，这几年华北地下水超采治理取得了明显成效，主要反映在这几个方面：2021年12月底，最新的统计数字和2018年同期相比，华北地区地下水超采治理区浅层地下水回升了1.89米，深层承压水回升了4.65米。同时，监测结果显示，这些年回补地下水累计达到了80亿立方米。从地表的河流和湖泊来看，永定河恢复了过流、潮白河恢复了过流、滹沱河恢复了过流，白洋淀重现生机，断流干涸了将近一百年的京杭大运河黄河以北段今年也实现了全线过流贯通，实现了与永定河的百年交汇。

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